Amoxicillin is the first-line antibiotic for bacterial bronchitis, with selection of alternative antibiotics based on disease severity, patient risk factors, and presence of obstructive lung disease. 1, 2 Amoxicillin is a penicillin-based antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. However, most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by viruses, making antibiotics ineffective. Healthcare professionals may prescribe antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, to treat bronchitis if they identify that bacteria are causing the infection. Antibiotics are not typically used to treat acute bronchitis, which is caused by a viral infection. Bronchitis, with symptoms of a persistent cough with or without mucus, may last for 2 to 3 weeks, so symptomatic treatment may be needed. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that combats bacterial infections by stopping their growth. It is effective against certain bacteria, including those causing lung infections. However, for most cases of acute bronchitis, which are primarily caused by viruses, amoxicillin offers no benefit. First-Line Antibiotic Treatment for Acute Bronchitis of Suspected Bacterial Origin Amoxicillin is the first-line antibiotic treatment for acute bronchitis suspected to be of bacterial origin. 1 Key Takeaways Antibiotics are not typically used to treat bronchitis since it's usually caused by a virus. Doctors might give antibiotics if they think your bronchitis is caused by bacteria. Always finish all your antibiotics, even if you feel better sooner. Because most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by viral infections, antibiotics aren't effective. However, if your doctor suspects that you have a bacterial infection, he or she may prescribe an antibiotic. Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that fights bacteria. It is used to treat many types of infections such as tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and others. Discover how doctors diagnose bronchitis and explore treatment options, from antibiotics to lifestyle changes, including home remedies and when to seek medical help.